英语语法：Adverbs 副词
分类：网校动态日期：2024-08-27 05:13:23人气：
Adverbs副词:
● We often form adverb by adding LY to an adjective. When an adjective already ends in LY, like COWARDLY, FRIENDLY, KINDLY, LIVELY, LOVELY, LONELY, FATHERLY, we don’t add LY to it to make an adverb. Instead, we can use a prepositional phrase with FASHION, MANNER, or WAY.
● 通常在形容词末尾+LY来构成副词。当形容词本身就以LY结尾时，如cowardly胆小的、friendly友好的、kindly和善的, lively活泼的、lovely 可爱的、lonely孤独的、fatherly慈父般的，我们通常不通过加LY来构成副词。相反，我们用形容词+FASHION/MANNER/ WAY构成介词短语。
★ He smiled at me in a friendly manner.
★ 他友好地朝我微笑。
★ She waved her hands around in a lively fashion.
★ 她不断地挥舞着双手。
★ He took my arm in a fatherly way.
★ 他慈父般地挽起我的胳膊。
● Most participle adjectives ending in ED don’t have an adverb form and we can use in a similar prepositional phrase.
● 大多数以ED结尾的分词形容词没有副词形式，我们也可用形容词+FASHION/MANNER/ WAY构成介词短语。
★ She walked around the room in an agitated way.
★ 她在房间里焦急地走来走去。
★ His parents looked at him in an astonished manner.
★ 他的父母惊讶地看着他。
● However, some do have adverb form, including allegedly, excitedly, hurriedly, repeatedly, unexpectedly, wholeheartedly, reportedly, reputedly, supposedly, belatedly, etc.
● 但有些以ED结尾的分词形容词确实有副词形式，包括allegedly据称、 excitedly兴奋地、 hurriedly匆忙地、 repeatedly反复地、 unexpectedly出乎意料地、 wholeheartedly全心全意地、 reportedly据报道、 reputedly据说、 supposedly据说、belatedly迟、晚。
★ Andy allegedly committed the robbery on the afternoon of the 21st June.
★ 据称，安迪于6月21日下午实施抢劫的。
★ His wife wholeheartedly supported his claim that he was innocent.
★ 他的妻子全心全意地支持他是无辜的说法。
★ A police spokesman said, “Andy undoubtedly knows something about this robbery.”
★ 一位警方发言人说：“安迪对这起抢劫案一定有所了解。”
★ Andy reputedly hid the money somewhere close to his home.
★ 据称，安迪把钱藏在离家很近的某个地方。
★ His wife belatedly realized that Andy had been lying to her.
★ 他的妻子后来意识到，安迪一直在对她撒谎。
★ He repeatedly denied being involved in the crime.
★ 他一再否认参与了此抢劫案。
★ Andy unexpectedly confessed to the crime over a year later.
★ 一年多后，安迪出乎意料地承认了罪行。
★ After the trial, Andy’s wife said, “Andy was deservedly given a severe sentence.
★ 审判结束后，安迪的妻子说：“安迪被重判是理所应当的。”
● Adverbs can be used to modify adjectives, including participle adjectives.
● 副词可用来修饰形容词，包括分词形容词。
★ It was strangely quiet in the room.
★ 房间里出奇的安静。
★ They had a beautifully furnished house.
★ 他们的房子装修得很漂亮。
● Adverbs can also be used to modify verbs. When adverbs modify verbs, we usually place the adverb immediately before the main verb or at the very end of the sentence. The placement of the adverb does not change the meaning of the sentence.
● 副词也可用来修饰动词。副词修饰动词时，副词通常放在主动词之前或句子的最后，副词的位置并不会改变句意。
★ She quickly finished the assignment. =
She finished the assignment quickly.
她很快就完成了任务。
● When we have a helping verb, such as the verb BE in a progressive sentence, the adverb goes between the helping verb and the main verb.
● 当句子中出现助动词时，如进行时态中的BE动词，副词放在助动词和主动词之间。
★ She is quickly finishing her assignment.
★ 她正在迅速完成她的任务。
● We also use adverbs to express time, such as YESTERDAY, TODAY and TOMORROW. These adverbs usually come at the very beginning or end of the sentence.
● YESTERDAY、TODAY和TOMORROW作副词时，通常放在句首或句末。
★ Yesterday, Cathy finished her assignment. =
Cathy finished her assignment yesterday.
昨天凯茜完成了作业。
● We have several adverbs to express frequency, such as always, often, frequently, usually, generally, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, hardly ever and never. Frequency adverbs often occur in the middle of the sentence and they usually occur immediately before the main verb or after the verb BE. When we have a helping verb, the frequency adverb goes between the helping verb and the main verb.
● 频率副词如always、often、frequently、usually、 generally、sometimes、occasionally、seldom、rarely、hardly ever、 never通常放在主动词前、BE动词后。当句子中有助动词时，频率副词放在助动词和主动词之间。
★ Cathy usually arrives at 8:00.
★ 凯西通常8点到。
★ Cathy is usually on time.
★ 凯西通常准时到。
★ Cathy is usually working at this time.
★ 凯西通常在这个时间段工作。
● Some adverbs have two forms, one ending LY and the other having the same form as the adjective. We can sometimes use either of the two forms of the adverb without changing the meaning, although the form ending in LY is more usual in a formal style. The words are quick/quickly, loud/loudly, cheap/cheaply, clean/cleanly, clear/clearly, fine/finely, slow/slowly, thin/thinly.
● 有些副词有两种形式：一种在形容词后+LY，另一种与形容词同形。通常情况下，可使用任一一种形式，意思并无差别，但以LY结尾的形式在正式情况下更为常见，如quick/quickly、loud/loudly、cheap/cheaply、 clean/cleanly、clear/clearly、fine/finely、slow/slowly、thin/thinly。
★ I’ll be there as quick/quickly as I can.
★ 我会尽可能快地赶到。
★ Try to sing loud/loudly.
★ 尽量唱得大声一些。
★ We’ll never catch them up if you walk as slow/slowly as that.
★ 如果你走这么慢，我们就永远追不上他们。
★ Chop the herbs fine/finely and sprinkle them on top of the pasta.
★ 把草药切细，撒在面条上。
● There is a difference in meaning of some adverbs with and without LY.
● 有些副词有两种形式：一种与形容词同形，另一种在其后加上LY，意思有所差别。
◇ High高高地（具体的高度）– highly 高度地（抽象意义的高）
◇ Just 正好 – justly 公正地
◇ Hard 努力地 – hardly 几乎不
◇ Free 免费地 – freely 自由地
◇ Late 迟、晚 – lately 最近
◇ Most 最 – mostly 大部分
◇ Near 近 – nearly 几乎
◇ Pretty 相当地 – prettily 优美地
◇ Sharp 突然地 – sharply 严厉地
◇ Short 唐突地 – shortly 马上
◇ Direct 径直地 – directly 立刻
◇ Wide 完全地 – widely普遍地、在很大程度上
★ She can speak freely in front of Andy, but she can’t eat free in his restaurant.
★ 她可以在安迪面前随便说话，但她不能在安迪的餐馆免费吃饭。
★ I arrived late for the concert.
★ 看音乐会我迟到了。
★ I haven’t seen Andy lately.
★ 我最近没有见到安迪。
★ His glittering career was cut short by a heart attack.
★ 他辉煌的事业因心脏病发作而被迫终止。
★ The speaker will be arriving shortly. Please take your seats.
★ 演讲者很快就到了，请各位落座。
★ He kicked the ball high over the goal.
★ 他把球高高地踢过了球门。
★ Everyone thinks highly of her teaching.
★ 每个人都对她的教学给予高度评价。
★ In a few seconds she was wide awake.
★ 片刻之间她完全醒来。
★ It won’t be difficult to get the book. It’s widely available.
★ 得到这本书并不难，很多地方都可以找到。
● GOOD is an adjective and WELL is an adverb.
● GOOD是形容词，WELL是副词。
★ I asked Cathy to clean the car, and she did a good job/and she did the job well.
★ 我让凯西清洗这辆车，她做得很好。
● However, WELL is also an adjective meaning HEALTHY.
● WELL做形容词时，意为“健康的”。
★ You’re not looking too well. Are you okay?
★ 你的脸色看起来不是很好。你还好吗？
Find the mistakes and correct them改错。
1. She speaks French fluent.
2. I think you behaved very cowardly.
3. Everyone says that he’s now enormous rich.
4. She turned to him astonishedly.
5. Wearing a white shirt and new suit, he thought he looked really well.
6. He plays the guitar remarkable good for his age.
Answers:
1. fluent – fluently
2. very cowardly – in a very cowardly way/fashion/manner
3. enormous – enormously
4. astonishedly – in an astonished way/fashion/manner or in astonishment
5. well – good
6. remarkable good – remarkably well
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